EFFECT OF MEROPENEM AND IMICENEM ON MICROBIOCENOSIS AND MORPHOLOGY OF THE SMALL INTESTINE IN RATS
Abstract
Background. Gut microbiota plays an important role in the human body, antimicrobial drugs intake being one of the main factors affecting microbiota composition. Antibiotics suppress normal intestinal microflora allowing for the growth and development of pathogenic flora. Objective. To study the effect of meropenem and imicenem on the microbiocenosis and morphology of the small intestine in rats. Material and methods. In an experiment on rats, we analysed the microbiocenosis of the large intestine after intraperitoneal administration of meropenem, imicinem and 0.9% NaCl, as well as examined samples of the small intestine. Results. In a comparative analysis of the control group with the meropenem and imicinem groups, there has been noted a decrease in the number of anaerobes in the meropenem group (8.6±0.14, p<0.05) as compared with the control group (9.4±0.22, p<0 .05) and the imicinem group (9.4±0.40, p<0.05); the number of bifidobacteria decreased in the meropenem group (8.1±0.16, p<0.05) in contrast to the control group (9.2±0.25, p<0.05) and the imicinem group (9.2±0.41, p<0.05). When compared with meropenem (3.8±0.44, p<0.05), imicinem (4.9±0.20, p<0.05) led to a greater growth of spore-forming anaerobes. In animals of the imicinem group, the histostructure of the jejunal mucosa was similar to the control group, while in the meropenem group, inflammatory changes in the stroma of the villi of the jejunal mucosa were observed. Conclusions. In a comparative analysis of carbapenem activity, it has been determined that these antibiotics both have a significant effect on the microbiocenosis of the large intestine and affect the mucous wall of the small intestine. These should be taken into account by clinicians in order to improve the effectiveness and safety of antibiotic therapy.
References
Ventura M, O’Flaherty S, Claesson MJ, Turroni F, Klaenhammer TR, van Sinderen D, O’Toole PW. Genome-scale analyses of health-promoting bacteria: probiogenomics. Nat Rev Microbiol. 2009;7(1):61-71. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrmicro2047.
Ley RE, Hamady M, Lozupone C, Turnbaugh PJ, Ramey RR, Bircher JS, Schlegel ML, Tucker TA, Schrenzel MD, Knight R, Gordon JI. Evolution of mammals and their gut microbes. Science. 2008;320(5883):1647-51. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1155725.
Chow J, Mazmanian SK. A pathobiont of the microbiota balances host colonization and intestinal inflammation. Cell Host Microbe. 2010; 7(4):265-276. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chom.2010.03.004.
O’Hara AM, Shanahan F. The gut flora as a forgotten organ. EMBO Rep. 2006;7(7):688-93. https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.embor.7400731.
Jandhyala SM, Talukdar R, Subramanyam C, Vuyyuru H, Sasikala M, Nageshwar Reddy D. Role of the normal gut microbiota. World J Gastroenterol. 2015;21(29):8787-803. https://doi.org/10.3748/wjg.v21.i29.8787.
Yakubtsevich RE, Lemesh AV, Kiryachkov YuYu. Patogeneticheskie mekhanizmy formirovaniya geneticheskoj ustojchivosti k antibiotikam pri lechenii tyazhelyh infekcij v intensivnoj terapii [Pathogenetic mechanisms of development of genetic resistance to antibiotics in treatment of severe infections in intensive care units]. Zhurnal Grodnenskogo gosudarstvennogo medicinskogo universiteta [Journal of the Grodno State Medical University]. 2021;19(3):255-262. https://www.elibrary.ru/rtqhgv. https://doi.org/10.25298/2221-8785-2021-19-3-255-262. (Russian).
Sonnenburg JL, Xu J, Leip DD, Chen CH, Westover BP, Weatherford J, Buhler JD, Gordon JI. Glycan foraging in vivo by an intestine-adapted bacterial symbiont. Science. 2005;307:1955-1959. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1109051.
Sheybak VM, Nikolaeva IV, Pavlyukovec AYu. Mikrobiocenoz tolstogo kishechnika i soderzhanie svobodnyh aminokislot v mikrobno-tkanevom komplekse krys. Vestnik Vitebskogo gosudarstvennogo medicinskogo universiteta. 2014;13(3):50-58. edn: SNIXMF (Russian).
Armstrong T, Fenn SJ, Hardie KR. JMM Profile: Carbapenems: a broad-spectrum antibiotic. J Med Microbiol. 2021;70(12):001462. https://doi.org/10.1099/jmm.0.001462.
Guarner F, Khan AG, Garisch J, Eliakim R. Gangl A, Thomson A, Krabshuis J, Lemair T, review team; Kaufmann P, de Paula JA, Fedorak R, Shanahan F, Sanders ME, Szajewska H, Ramakrishna BS, Karakan T, Kim N, invited outside experts. Probiotics and Prebiotics. World Gastroenterology Organisation Global Guidelines. Zeneva: World Gastroenterology Organisation; 2011. 28 p.
Weese JS. Clostridium difficile in food--innocent bystander or serious threat. Clin Microbiol Infect. 2010;16(1):3-10. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-0691.2009.03108.
McDonald LC, Gerding DN, Johnson S, Bakken JS, Carroll KC, Coffin SE, Dubberke ER, Garey KW, Gould CV, Kelly C, Loo V, Shaklee Sammons J, Sandora TJ, Wilcox MH. Clinical Practice Guidelines for Clostridium difficile Infection in Adults and Children: 2017 Update by the Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA) and Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America (SHEA). Clin Infect Dis. 2018;66(7):e1-e48. https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/cix1085.
1.png)
