BIOCHEMICAL MECHANISMS OF INSULIN SYNTHESIS AND SECRETION
Abstract
The synthesis of insulin by β-cells of the islets of Langerhans is regulated at the level of transcription as well as by post-translational modification and nutritional factors affecting the rate of protein translation. Insulin secretion proceeds in two phases - fast and slow, which are largely determined by the energy status of the β-cell. The close interaction between the hormonal and nutritional status of the body ensures the functioning of the endocrine component of the pancreas as a single organ.
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