CLINICAL MORPHOLOGY OF THE LIVER: DISPLASIA, APOPTOSIS, REGENERATION
Abstract
Background. The existing criteria of morphological changes in the liver do not contain descriptions of the consequences of HCV persistence, which simultaneously characterize oncogenic evolution (dysplasia), death (apoptosis) and regeneration (mitosis, amitosis, polyploidy, multinucleosis) of liver cells.
Objective – to present morphological changes in the liver of patients with HCV infection and other lesions that simultaneously characterize the process of dysplasia, apoptosis and regeneration of cellular and extracellular potential.
Material and methods. Liver biopsy samples were obtained by performing a liver aspiration biopsy in patients with chronic hepatitis C (CHC), whose written informed consent had been obtained. Histological sections were stained with hematoxylin and eosin, picrofuxin according to Van Gieson and Masson, for hemosiderin by Perls’ method. Semithin sections (1 мm thick) were successively stained with azure II, the main magenta. Micrographs were obtained using a digital video camera (Leica FC 320, Germany). Electron microscopic preparations were studied in an electron microscope JEM-1011 (JEOL, Japan) at magnifications of 10,000-60,000 with an accelerating voltage of 80 kW. To take pictures, we used an Olympus Mega View III digital camera (Germany) and iTEM image processing software (Olympus, Germany).
Results. Changes in the liver during CHC are simultaneously characterized by poikilocytosis, anisocytosis, hyperchromatosis, anomalies in the mitotic cell cycle, nuclear polymorphism (multiformity), the presence of multinuclear hepatocytes – often gigantic with a large number (up to 15) of hyperchromic nuclei and giant cell multinuclear symplasts, polyploidy and significant changes in intracellular organelles (nuclei and mitochondria.
Conclusions. In CHC, the liver simultaneously realizes a program of neoplastic evolution, apoptosis and regeneration of the cellular potential, which mechanisms, launch and implementation time is individual and requires further study.
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